论中国现行制度下专利无效抗辩的适用路径

The Applicable Path of Patent Invalidation Defense under China’s Current System

中国现行的二元分立体制具有专利侵权案件审理时间长、司法效率低等弊端,专利无效抗辩制度的引入可以解决这一问题,但是,引入专利无效抗辩制度后也带来了一些疑虑,如民事法院判断专利权效力对专利授权行为公定力的损害、造成民行冲突及地域冲突等;各国理论或者实践虽为疑虑的解决提供了一些经验,但是直接适用专利无效抗辩制度的条件尚不成熟,仍然有司法权逾越的嫌疑;为解决此问题,本文提出了基于权利要求解释和禁止权利滥用的专利无效抗辩适用路径,在不修订现有法律的情况下,克服二元分立体制的弊端,提高司法效率。

China's current binary system has the drawbacks of long patent trials and low judicial efficiency.The introduction of the patent invalidation defense system can solve this problem.However,after introducing the patent invalidation defense system,it also brought some doubts.For example,the civil court judges the validity of the patent right will damage the patent authorization of presumptive legality,civil administrative conflict,the regional conflict,etc.;the theory or practice of each country provides some experience for the resolution of doubts,however,the conditions for directly applying the patent invalidation defense system are not yet mature,there is still the suspicion of judicial overstepping;in order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a patent invalidation defense application path based on the interpretation of claims and the prohibition of abuse of rights,under the circumstance of not modifying laws in which legal effect occurs,overcoming the defect of the binary system and improve judicial efficiency.