马克思“生产美学”视域下的当代美学重建

Reestablishment of Contemporary Aesthetics with Marx’s Production Aesthetics

当代科学技术的发展和生产率的提高使得世界早已进入了产能过剩时代,消费决定生产已然成为全球性趋势。当代“消费社会”的来临及其“消费文化”的兴起,加剧了资本和技术的攻城略地,无论从地球自然资源开发的可持续性还是从当代人的精神和价值关怀考量,片面强调消费都是不可持续的。重建“消费文化”时代的审美价值观念,促进人类社会与自然的和谐发展,是当代美学建设的重要命题。西方生态哲学、环境美学和中国生态美学等,就是对这一世界性问题的回应。马克思“生产美学”以人类社会劳动和物质生产作为美学研究的基点,提出“生产劳动”作为人的“第一需要”,是一种完全“自由自觉”活动的理论,不仅在传统资本主义时代成为批判异化劳动的有力武器,在当今“消费文化”全球化的时代仍然不失其重要思想价值。尤其是在文化艺术充分商业化和产业化的今天,其“劳动是目的,人在劳动中实现自己”的美学向度,在当代美学价值重建中具有重要意义。

With the development of modern scientific technology and improvement of productivity,the world has come into excessive production capacity age.Production decided by consumption has become worldwild tendency.With the coming of mass consumption society and rise of consumer culture,capital and technology take cities and seize territory.Consumption orientation is unsustainable from sustainability of natural resource and human spiritual value.Reestablishment of contemporary aesthetics in mass consumption society to promote humorous development of human society and nature is an important theme in contemporary aesthetics construction.Western ecological philosophy,environmental aesthetics and Chinese ecological aesthetics are response to this universal problem.Marx’s production aesthetics based on human society labor and material production provides the theory that productive labor as primary need of human is free and self-conscious activity.Marx’s production aesthetics is not only powerful weapon to criticize alienated labor in traditional monopoly capitalism but also has important ideological value in contemporary consumer culture globalization age.Marx’s philosophical thoughts have important value in reestablishment of contemporary aesthetics,especially in culture and art full of commercialization and industrialization circumstance.