椎动脉重度狭窄或闭塞部位与后循环缺血的相关性研究

Evaluate the correlation between stenotic lesions of vertebral artery and posterior circulation ischemia

目的:探讨椎动脉(VA)重度狭窄或闭塞部位与后循环缺血(PCI)的相关性。方法:回顾性连续纳入单侧VA的V1~V4段重度狭窄或闭塞患者408例,且均经颈部动脉超声(CDU)、DSA和/或CT血管成像(CTA)证实。依据单侧VA重度狭窄或闭塞部位,分单纯V1段病变组(267例)、单纯V2段病变组(40例)、单纯V3~V4段病变组(101例);依据是否有后循环缺血症状:分症状组(195例)及无症状组(213例)。CDU检测记录并分析VA各部位血流动力学参数-收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期末流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI)、VA管径(VAD),评估VA重度狭窄或闭塞部位与PCI的相关性。结果:VA患侧各病变部位与健侧同一部位比较,其PSV、EDV、VAD差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);V2段重度狭窄时,其RI无明显差异(P=0.762)。V1段或V3~V4段重度狭窄或闭塞时,其椎间段血流频谱有明显改变。V1、V2段狭窄性病变与PCI症状无明显相关性(相依系数分别为0.106,P=0.053;0.123,P=0.323);而V3~V4段狭窄性病变与PCI症状适度相关(相依系数=0.217,P=0.027)。结论:V3~V4段重度狭窄或闭塞易出现后循环缺血症状,CDU能有效评分析VA重度狭窄或闭塞的病变部位,为临床及时治疗及评估预后提供可靠依据。

Objective:To investigate the correlation between severe stenosis or occlusion of vertebral artery(VA)and posterior circulation ischemia(PCI).Methods:A retrospective study of 408 patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of the V1-V4 segment with unilateral VA was confirmed by cervical vascular ultrasound(CDU),CT angiography(CTA),and/or DSA.According to the severe stenosis or occlusion lesions,the patients were divided into V1 segment lesion group(267 cases),V2 segment disease group(40 cases),and V3-V4 segment disease group(101 cases).Depending on whether there were symptoms of posterior circulation ischemia,408 patients were divided into symptom group(195 cases)and asymptomatic group(213 cases).CDU test recorded and analyzed hemodynamic parameters:systolic peak flow rate(PSV),end diastolic flow rate(EDV),resistance index(RI),VA tube diameter(VAD).Meantime,we had assessed the correlation between severe stenosis or occlusion of VA and PCI.Results:1.Comparing the lesion sites in affected and healthy sides of VA,there were significant differences in PSV,EDV and VAD(P=0.000).There was no significant difference in intervertebral RI when V2 was severe stenosis(P=0.762).2.When the severely stenosis or occlusion happend in V1 or V3-V4 segment,the blood flow spectrum of the affected side was significantly different from the healthy side.3.The stenosis sexual lesion of V1 and V2 had no significant correlation with PCI symptoms(dependency coefficient was 0.106,P=0.053;0.123,P=0.323);and V3-V4 stenosis sexual lesions were moderately associated with PCI symptoms(dependency coefficient=0.217,P=0.027).Conclusion:Severe stenosis or occlusion of V3-V4 segment is likely to appear PCI.CDU can effectively diagnose lesion of VA's evere stenosis or occlusion,which provides a reliable basis of timely clinical treatment and evaluation.