爆破片失效模式及使用寿命探讨

Discussions on Failure Modes and Working Life of Bursting Discs

科学、合理地确定爆破片更换周期是爆破片设计、制造及使用单位的迫切需求。归纳了爆破 片提前失效模式、延迟失效模式及开度失效模式这3种失效模式,定义了爆破片使用寿命,即从爆 破片安装后的初始承压开始至爆破片出现提前失效不能再使用为止的时间周期。探讨了影响爆破 片使用寿命的疲劳、高温蠕变、常温静载及腐蚀等因素。提出从各影响因素对不同类型爆破片使用 寿命影响规律的量化,以及基于使用寿命确定更换周期安全裕量的方法这2方面进行后续研究,以 期为爆破片设计、制造、使用、寿命预测以及更换周期确定提供参考。

Scientifically and reasonably determining the replacement period of rupture discs is an urgent need for the designer,manufacturer and user of rupture discs.Three failure modes were concluded,including premature failure,delay failure and opening shape failure.The bursting disc working life was defined as the time span from the time of installation to the time when the premature failure of the bursting disc occurred.Four factors affecting the working life of bursting discs were discussed including fatigue,creep at high temperature,static load at room temperature and corrosion etc.A follow-up study on the quantification of the influence law of various influencing factors on the working life of different types of rupture discs and the method of determining the safety margin of the replacement period based on the working life were proposed.