我国部分地区在机关单位开展红十字应急救护培训现状的定性调查

Qualitative survey on status of first aid education in government agencies implemented by Red Cross Societies in some areas in China

目的了解我国部分地区红十字会在党政机关单位开展应急救护培训工作的现状,为推进应急救护培训"进机关"工作提供依据.方法根据既往工作情况,在东、中、西部分别选取河北省、湖南省和甘肃省,对各省的省级和地(市)级红十字会进行调查.采用统一设计的访谈提纲,对各红十字会会长和业务人员,进行个人深入访谈.结果共调查11家红十字会的24名受访者.其中省级红十字会3家,地级市红十字会8家,含7名会长,17名业务人员.工作人员认为"进机关"工作可以提高公务员的自救互救能力、促进当地政府机关了解红十字运动和工作;多数通过开展救护员培训落实,少数为公益讲座;主要讲授红十字运动、心肺复苏、创伤救护、常见急诊和意外伤害处理.各红十字会工作开展情况不一,本次调查仅1家红十字会建立了"进机关"长效工作机制.政策支持、经费保障及师资数量和教学能力是影响工作开展的重要因素,受访者普遍认为目前较缺乏政策支持,经费和工作人员不足,专职师资授课能力有待加强,对兼职师资较难进行有效管理和激励.结论"进机关"工作依赖于各级红十字会能够充分了解政策,且具备较强的培训能力.需提高工作人员的政策解读、制定能力、与机关单位的沟通能力;在培训中强调技能训练的重要性;增加师资数量并提高其授课能力.

Objective The objective of this study was to learn the current situation of first aid training carried out in the government agencies implemented by Red Cross Societies in some Chinese areas,and to provide a basis for promoting the work of first aid dissemination in government agencies.Methods Hebei,Hunan and Gansu provinces were selected in the eastern,central and western regions of China,and the provincial and city-level Red Cross Societies were investigated.The presidents and staffs engaging in first aid training were selected from each Red Cross Society.The same interview script was used in individual in-depth interviews.Results A total of 24 respondents from 11 Red Cross Societies accepted interview,including 3 provincial-level Red Cross Societies and 8 citylevel Red Cross Societies,7 presidents and 17 staffs were surveyed.The responders indicated that work of first aid training in government agencies can improve the self-help and mutual rescue ability of civil servants,promote the local government agencies to understand the Red Cross movement and work.The training work introduced the Red Cross Movement,cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),trauma care and how to deal with common emergency and accidental injuries;most of the work was through the implementation of first aider training,while some through public lectures.The implementation varied for each Red Cross Society.In this survey,only one Red Cross Society established a long-term working mechanism for first aid training in government agencies.Policy,funding,and the number and teaching ability of teachers are important influence factors.Respondents generally believe that there is a lack of policy support,insufficient funds and staff,the ability of full-time teachers needs to be strengthened,and it is more difficult for part-time teachers'effective management and motivation.Conclusions The first aid education in government agencies relies on the fact that Red Cross Societies at all levels can fully understand the policy and has strong training ability.It is necessary to improve the staff's ability to interpret policies,develop strategies,and communicate with government agencies.It is also necessary to emphasize the significance of skills in training,increase the number of teachers and improve their ability to teach.