北极原住民:中国深度参与北极治理的路径选择

Arctic aborigines: China’s deep involvement in the path of Arctic governance

北极原住民是北极治理过程中愈发不可忽视的特殊群体,他们通过本国相关法律政策内容参与北极理事会和巴伦支海欧洲—北极地区联合理事会,利用国际组织相关规范性文件、平台和全球治理议题来参与北极开发治理。现今,我国参与北极治理面临着新的挑战,即如何维系既有合作的稳定性,从而规避北极国家中央政府政治敏感性或换届风险;在北极地方政治参与扩大趋势下,如何谋划与之合作参与北极治理;如何扩大我国参与北极治理的比较优势,避免过分依靠经济要素方面的单一比较优势。这些挑战加之北极原住民在北极治理中的独特地位,促使我国不得不重视和主动谋划与北极原住民的合作,加深参与北极治理的路径选择。鉴于此,本文提出我国应与之谋求一种淡化政府角色,突出知识团体和企业力量的合作模式。

Arctic Indigenous Peoples are a special group that cannot be ignored in the process of Arctic govern-ance.They adopt relevant national laws and policies,participate in the Arctic Council and the European-Arc-tic Joint Council of the Barents Sea,and use the relevant norms,Documents,platforms and global governance issues of international organizations to participate in Arctic development governance.Nowadays,China’s par-ticipation in Arctic governance faces new challenges,namely,how to maintain the stability of existing cooper-ation,thus avoiding the political sensitivity or the change of the central government of the Arctic countries;Under the trend of the Arctic local governments’expanded participation in governance,how to cooperate with them to participate in Arctic governance;how to expand our country’s comparative advantage in participating in Arctic governance and avoid excessive reliance on a single comparative advantage in economic factors.These challenges,combined with the unique status of Arctic Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic governance,have prompted our country to focus on and actively plan cooperation with Arctic aborigines and deepen the path of participation in Arctic governance.In view of this,this paper proposes that China should seek a coop-eration model that dilutes the role of government and highlights the power of knowledge groups and enterprises.