草莓不同生育期根际微生物的动态变化

Dynamic changes of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of strawberry during different growth stages

【目的】为消除草莓连作导致的土传病害,保证土壤生态环境的良性循环。【方法】采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术研究了草莓(红颜)恢复生长期、现蕾期、开花和结果期以及盛果期5个生育期根际微生物群体的动态变化。【结果】结果表明:随着草莓生育期的变化,草莓根际土壤细菌和真菌群落丰富度和多样性及主要种群相对丰度均发生了显著变化。细菌丰富度随生育期的变化而逐渐上升,细菌群落多样性在恢复生长期、开花和结果期时下降,在现蕾期、盛果期和生长末期时上升。真菌丰富度和多样性均在现蕾期时显著升高。草莓各生育期根际土壤中细菌相对丰度较高的有变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria),Pseudomonas为整个生育期的优势菌属。变形菌门的相对丰度随着草莓的生长发育而逐渐升高,酸杆菌门的相对丰度随草莓生育期的延长出现不同程度的下降。真菌相对丰度最高的是子囊菌门(Ascomycota),Chaetomium为真菌的优势菌属。子囊菌门相对丰度在恢复生长期和现蕾期下降,开花和结果期上升,盛果期和生长末期又下降,尤其在现蕾期时相对丰度显著下降。【结论】根际微生物随草莓生育期的变化而显著变化,现蕾期时微生物群落丰富度和多样性最高。Pseudomonas和Chaetomium在草莓整个生育期内均属于优势菌属。

【Objective】Strawberry has continuous cropping obstacles.Understanding the community structure of rhizosphere microbes in different growth stages of strawberry can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for eliminating soil-borne diseases and ensuring a virtuous cycle of soil ecological environment.【Methods】The dynamic changes of rhizosphere microorganisms in five growth stages of Strawberry(Hongyan)were studied by Illumina Miseq technology.【Results】The results showed that strawberry rhizosphere soil bacteria and fungi community richness and diversity and the relative abundance of the main populations were significantly changed with the change of strawberry growing period.Bacterial richness increased with the change of growth period;the bacterial community diversity decreased during the recovery of growth stage and the flowering and fruiting stage,and increased at the budding stage,full fruiting stage and late growing stage.Fungal richness and diversity were significantly increased at the budding stage.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria among the rhizosphere soil bacteria of strawberry was higher during all the growth period,Pseudomonas was dominant microorganism in the whole growing period of strawberry.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was gradually increased with the growth and development of the strawberry.The relative abundance of the Acidobacteria decreased with the growth of strawberry.The Ascomycota had the highest relative abundance among the rhizosphere soil fungi of strawberry,Chaetomium was dominant microorganism in the whole growing period of strawberry.The relative abundance of Ascomycota changed wavely with the changes of the growth period of strawberry,especially the relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased significantly in the budding stage.【Conclusion】The rhizosphere microorganisms changed significantly with the change of strawberry growth period,and the microbial community richness and diversity were the highest at the budding stage of strawberry.Pseudomonas and Chaetomium were dominant microorganism in the whole growing period of strawberry.