苹果园间作罗勒节肢动物功能群落的时序特征

Dynamic effect of intercropping Ocimumbasilicumon arthropod functional community in apple orchard

【目的】为了研究间作罗勒对苹果园节肢动物群落及功能群落时序特征的影响。【方法】设置清耕处理区、自然生草区、罗勒处理区、罗勒生草处理区,统计和分析节肢动物群落、功能群落丰度、丰富度、多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数的时序变化。【结果】随着苹果树的生长,节肢动物群落的丰度呈现先上升后下降的趋势,丰富度呈现先上升保持相对稳定后下降的趋势;多样性指数呈先上升后下降再上升再下降的趋势,均匀度呈先下降后缓慢上升的趋势,优势度指数呈先快速上升再下降再上升的趋势;不同功能群落呈现不同的变化趋势,间作罗勒使植食性昆虫丰度降低,捕食性昆虫、寄生性昆虫丰度升高。【结论】间作罗勒改变了节肢动物及功能群落结构和多样性的时序特征。

【Objective】The aim is to discuss the dynamic effect of intercropping Ocimumbasilicumon arthropodcommunity and functional community.【Methods】Four different treatments(clear tillage,natural grass,O.basilicum plot,O.basilicum with natural grass plot)were set up to analyze dynamic changes on abundance,richness,diversity,evenness and dominance of arthropod community and functional community.【Results】With the growth of apple trees,the dynamic trend of arthropods abundance increased at first,then decreased.The dynamic trend of arthropods richness increased before keeping relative stable state,and then dropped.The dynamic trend ofarthropods diversity met 2 times of increasing and declining.The dynamic trend of arthropods evenness went up slowly after decreasing.The dynamic trend of arthropods dominance increased rapidly before dropping and then increased.Different functional communities had different changing trends.Intercropping O.basilicum reduced herbivores abundance and increased abundance of predators and parasitoids.【Conclusion】Intercropping O.basilicum changed dynamic effect on structure and diversity of arthropod community.