民族地区旅游扶贫效应感知研究——以青海省湟中县为例

Analysis on Perception of Tourism Poverty Alleviation Effect in Ethnic Areas——A Case Study of Huangzhong County in Qinghai Province

旅游扶贫是少数民族地区脱贫致富的重要路径选择,当地居民作为旅游扶贫的直接受益者,他们的感知态度成为反映当地旅游扶贫成效的晴雨表。以青海省湟中县为例,从居民视角出发,以调查问卷数据为基础,运用熵值法与模糊数学法对民族地区旅游扶贫主体的感知影响进行了相关研究。结果表明:①居民对当地政府、企业、游客和居民的综合感知中,居民对企业的感知值最高,其他依次为本地居民、游客和当地政府。②在各单项指标中,“公平公正、协助支持与协调沟通”、“信息公开、尊重包容”、“相处和谐融洽”、“继承发扬与公平竞争”分别对当地政府、企业、游客和居民的感知发挥着重要作用。在此基础上提出建议,进一步增强民族地区的“造血式”扶贫,对其他民族地区通过旅游扶贫实现脱贫摘帽具有借鉴意义。

Tourism poverty alleviation was an essential way for minority areas to get rid of poverty.However,the local residents were usually regarded as the direct beneficiaries of tourism poverty alleviation,whose attitude seemed to be a barometer of the effects of local tourism poverty alleviation.The local residents and the questionnaire data were chosen as the perspective and basis,and Huangzhong County of Qinghai Province was taken as the case.And entropy method and fuzzy mathematics method were used to conduct relevant research on the perceived influence of tourism poverty alleviation subjects in ethnic minority areas.The results showed that:①In residents'comprehensive perception to the local government,enterprises,tourists and residents,residents'perception to enterprises was the highest,and then was local residents,tourists and local government.②Among the individual indicators,“fairness and justice,assistance and support,coordination and communication”,“information openness,respect and tolerance”,“harmony”,“inheritance and fair competition”played an important role in the perception of local governments,enterprises,tourists and residents respectively.Some suggestions were put forward to further strengthen the“blood-based”poverty alleviation in ethnic areas,which would be of great significance for other ethnic areas to achieve poverty alleviation through tourism.