6种植物对土壤中镉的富集特性研究

Enrichment Characteristics of Cadmium by Six Plants in Soil

为筛选出能适应中轻度重金属污染农田的镉移除植物,以甜高粱、生物质高粱、玉米、油葵、商陆、籽粒苋为材料,在湖南省典型重金属镉污染区开展田间试验,研究这6种植物对土壤中重金属镉的富集特性。结果表明:植株中镉的含量高低受植物品种和土壤中镉的含量影响较大,试验点中6种植物地上部分重金属镉的含量高低顺序为:籽粒苋>商陆>生物质高粱>油葵>甜高粱>玉米,且株洲>湘潭>醴陵。除玉米外,其他植物地上部对重金属镉的富集系数均大于1,具备对镉的富集特性,其中籽粒苋对重金属镉的富集系数最高。籽粒苋对镉有很强的富集性,是修复土壤重金属镉污染的良好材料。

To screen cadmium removal plants that can adapt to moderate and light heavy metal pollution in farmland,field experiments were conducted to study the effects of six plant species(sweet sorghum,biomass sorghum,corn,oil sunflower,Phytolacca acinosa and Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)on Cd in typical heavy metal cadmium polluted areas in Hunan.The results showed that the content of cadmium in plants was greatly influenced by the plant varieties and the content of cadmium in soil.The contents of cadmium in the upper part of the 6 plants at the 3 test points were:Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.>Phytolacca acinosa>biomass sorghum>oil sunflower>sweet sorghum>corn,and Zhuzhou>Xiangtan>Liling.In addition to corn,the enrichment coefficient of cadmium in the upper part of other plants was more than 1,which had the characteristics of cadmium enrichment.The enrichment coefficient of the heavy metal cadmium of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.was the highest.Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.has the strong enrichment ability to Cd,and is a good material for remediation of cadmium pollution in soil.