云南高原特色现代农业产业经济分析研究

Development of Modern Characteristic Agriculture in Yunnan Plateau

为进一步发挥云南的比较优势,加快农业转型升级,做大做强高原特色农业产业经济,从产业经济学的视角,对2012年以来云南现代农业产业经济发展从综合效益、结构特征、区域布局、组织体系及生产能力等方面进行系统分析,并同全国及西南五省(区)进行横向对比,找出了云南农业产业经济发展中存在的整体水平不高、结构制约突出、产业功能单一、缺乏稳定支持、主体发育不足等问题。并据此提出云南应充分发挥低纬高原自然地理、生物人文资源等多样化的优势,坚持和强化实施差异化发展战略,坚定不移地走多样、特色、优质、时差(季节差)和带差(气候带)的特色农业现代化发展道路。建议将发展云南有基础和潜力、价值提升空间大、且地域性强、技术要求高的特色经济作物、山地畜牧等优质农产品产业作为结构调整的重点,将扶持经营主体、发展农产品加工业、促进一二三产业融合、拓展农业多功能性等作为农业支持政策调整的重点,供云南省及其他高原地区发展特色农业产业经济参考。

To further exert regional comparative advantages,accelerate the transformation and upgrading of agriculture,make the characteristic agricultural industrial economy in Yunnan Plateau bigger and stronger,the comprehensive benefit,structural characteristics,regional distribution,organizational system and productivity of the agricultural industry in Yunnan since 2012 were summarized from the perspective of industrial economics,and the main problems such as the low overall development level,evident structural constraints,single industrial function,lacking of stable support,insufficient management subjects,etc.were analyzed compared with the whole picture of the country and the situation in five provinces in southwest China.The authors considered that the production of bulk agricultural products on the basis of large-scale as grain,oil,etc.is not Yunnan's advantage.The diversification in natural,geographical,biological and cultural resources of low latitude plateau in Yunnan should be fully explored and the differentiated development strategy should be strengthened,and the modernization of agriculture in Yunnan with diversity,characteristics,quality,difference in time(season)and zone(climate)should be continued.The structure readjustment and industrial development should be focused on characteristic cash crops,mountain livestock and poultry with a large space of value promotion,distinctive regional characteristics,and high technical requirements.The development policy highlights should be supporting business subjects,developing modern deep-processing industries of agricultural products,promoting the integration of primary,secondary and tertiary industries,and expanding the multiple functions of agriculture,etc.