青岛东黄输油管线溢油污染对胶州湾海域环境的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Oil Spill in the Donghuang Oil Pipeline on Marine Environment of Qingdao

针对"11.22"青岛东黄输油管线爆燃溢油污染区域,我们选取了3个典型站位,对6项水质指标(活性磷酸盐、氨-氮、硝酸盐-氮、亚硝酸盐-氮、溶解氧和化学需氧量)进行了测定;选择了3个潮间带站位进行了细菌优势种群分析。结果表明,溢油事故发生后,"11.22"东黄输油管线爆炸区域海水中石油类浓度、NH3-N呈现下降趋势,而其化学需氧量、NO3-N,NO2-N呈现先下降后上升趋势,石油烃降解菌、异养细菌与化学需氧量显著相关(P<0.05),而与溶解氧以及PO4-P,NH3-N,NO3-N,NO2-N这些环境因子的相关性不显著(P>0.05);潮间带沉积物站位的细菌优势种群在溢油初期较单调,后期较丰富,石油含量高的站位细菌优势种群少,石油含量低的站位则丰富,潮间带微生物以变形菌门和拟杆菌门为主。

Aiming at the pollution area of the "11.22" detonation oil spill in Donghuang oil pipeline of Qingdao, three typical stations were selected to measure six water quality indexes(PO4-P,NH3-N,NO3-N,NO2-N, DO and COD). Bacterial dominant population analysis was carried out at three intertidal stations. The results show that after the oil spill, the concentration of petroleum and NH3-N in seawater in the explosion area of "11.22" Donghuang oil pipeline showed a downward trend, while the COD, NO3-N, NO2-N showed a downward trend and then upward trend. Petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria were significantly correlated with COD(P<0.05), while they were related to dissolved oxygen, PO4-P, NH3-N, NO3-N and NO2-N. There was no significant correlation between the progenies(P>0.05). The dominant bacterial populations in the intertidal sediment sites were monotonous in the early stage and abundant in the later stage of oil spill. The dominant bacterial populations in stations with high oil content were few, while those in stations with low oil content were abundant. Proteus and bacteroides were the dominant microorganisms in the intertidal zone.