算法时代的国家治理：在算法与法律之间

State Governance in the Era of Algorithms:Between Algorithms and Law

技术规范和法律规范都是调节社会关系的手段。大数据的出现、云计算技术的日渐成熟和深度学习算法的重大突破,推动着算法时代的到来,算法在约束个体行为和调节社会关系等方面的作用日渐凸显,算法的法律化趋势不断强化,算法代码正不断挤压法律规范的运行空间。数据和算法是算法治理的核心,数据在完整性和真实性上的瑕疵以及算法的不可解释性,使得算法代码在国家治理中不可能实现对法律规范的完全替代。在算法时代,算法治理社会的乌托邦既不会实现,法律也不会死亡。伴随算法的法律化趋势与法律的算法化进程的相互激荡,处于算法与法律之间应是算法时代国家治理规范的发展趋势。为此,一方面要正视算法的法律化趋势,运用法律来规训算法,推动算法技术在国家治理中的深度应用;另一方面,也要注意积极利用算法技术来推动法律的算法化进程,促进法律规范与算法代码的有机融合,切实提升法治绩效。

Technical norms and legal norms are the means to regulate social relations.The emergence of big data,the increasing maturity of cloud computing technology and the great breakthrough of deep learning algorithm promote the arrival of the algorithm era.The role of the algorithm in restricting individual behavior and regulating social relations is becoming more and more prominent.The legalization trend of the algorithm is constantly strengthened and the algorithm code is constantly squeezing the operating space of legal norms.Data and algorithm are the core of algorithm governance.The defects of data in integrity and authenticity,as well as the inexplicability of algorithm,make it impossible for algorithm code to completely replace legal norms in national governance.In the era of algorithms,the utopia of algorithmic governance society will not be realized and the law will not die,either.With the legalization trend of algorithm and the process of algorithmicization of law,it should be the development trend of the national governance norm in the algorithmic era between the algorithm and the law.Therefore,on one hand,we should face up to the trend of legalization of algorithm,use law to discipline algorithms and promote the deep application of algorithm technology in national governance;on the other hand,we should also pay attention to actively using algorithm technology to promote the process of legal algorithm,promote the organic integration of legal norms and algorithm code and effectively improve the performance of the rule of law.