二战时期掳日中国煤矿工人生活与劳动状况概论

Introduction to Life and Labor Situation of Chinese Coal Miners Captured by Japan during World War II

二战期间,日本政府在侵略战线不断拉长、本国劳动力日益短缺、以战养战难以为继的形势下,为了保障国内与战争关系密切行业的运转,支撑不断扩大和升级的侵略战争,制定并实施了从中国征募和强掳劳工赴日就劳的政策。1943—1945年间,日本征募和强掳约4万名华工到该国就劳,其中在煤矿服苦役的数量最多,有16000多人。这些华工在日本47处煤矿就劳,过着食不果腹、衣不蔽体、居所简陋的悲惨生活,加之劳动时间长、强度大,时时受到各种事故的威胁和精神的折磨,致使数以千计的华工伤亡,在二战史及中国人民抗日战争史上留下悲惨的一页。

During World WarⅡ,with the constant expansion of war and the growing shortage of domestic labors,to fuel war with warfare became unsustainable for Japan.In order to guarantee the normal operation of domestic wartime industries as well as to support the constant expansion and escalation of war of aggression,Japanese government made and implemented the policy of recruiting and forcing laborers to work in Japan.From 1943 to 1945,the Japanese recruited and captured approximately 40,000 Chinese laborers to work in their country.Coal mines became main workplaces,where more than 16,000 Chinese laborers were forced to do hard physical work.These Chinese laborers worked in 47 coal mines in Japan,living a miserable life without enough food and clothes and living in shabby residences.In addition,due to long working hours and high intensity of labor,Chinese laborers had to face the threat of various accidents and live up with mental torture every now and then.All of these caused the death and injuries of thousands of Chinese laborers,which was a tragic page in the history of World WarⅡand the Anti-Japanese War.