作为喜剧的《樱桃园》——关于时间、空间以及人类行为的现代性思考

The Cherry Orchard as Comedy: Modern Thinking about Time, Space and Behavior

作为一部没有喜剧情节和喜剧结局的喜剧,契诃夫《樱桃园》的喜剧精神体现在剧作家所提出的现代性命题中。契诃夫在这部剧作中对时间、空间进行了最后的思考,他对人类的命运抱持着悲悯的胸怀,以理性主义者的怀疑精神剖析了剧中人卑微、琐碎的生活态度与行为方式,展现了在时间与空间面前现代人的渺小,由于心灵的软弱与自欺欺人的生活方式,这些现代人成为永恒变化、无限绵延的时空中的一个玩笑。契诃夫在《樱桃园》中的这些思考全都成为了现代戏剧中的重要命题,这既是《樱桃园》的现代性所在,也是它的喜剧精神所在。

The Cherry Orchard is a comedy without comic plots or ending, whose comic spirit is embodied in the modernistic proposition raised by the playwright. Chekhov presents an ultimate thought on the subjects of time and space in this play. He takes a close look at the fate of human beings with strong compassion, and anatomizes the humble and trivial attitude of life and behavior of his roles with a rationalistic skepticism. He reveals the insignificance of modern people when facing time and space, pointing out that they have become a joke in front of the ever-changingand-stretching time and space because of their weak mind and self-deceptive life style. All those Chekhovian considerations in The Cherry Orchard have become important topics of modern drama,which is a sign of the modernity and comic spirit of this play.