财政分权、地方政府竞争与区域科技创新效率

Fiscal Decentralization,Local Government Competition and Regional Technological Innovation Efficiency

本文从理论上剖析了财政分权、地方政府竞争及二者协同对科技创新效率的影响机理,并基于1997-2016年省级面板数据,采用面板分位数模型对这一影响及其动态轨迹进行检验。研究发现,财政分权体制有利于区域科技创新效率的提升,且其影响呈倒U形轨迹变动;相反地方政府竞争会显著抑制区域科技创新效率,其影响亦呈倒U形轨迹变动;地方政府竞争会减弱财政分权对科技创新效率正向效应的边际贡献,致使二者协同对科技创新效率不利。此外,以上影响表现出一定的区域异质性,主要体现在作用强度上。所以,提升区域科技创新水平,不仅需要深化、完善财政分权体制,还需要对地方政府行为进行制度规范和激励约束。

Technological innovation is the driving force of social and economic development,fiscal system and local government behavior would affect its development due to its characteristic of public goods.This paper analyzed the influence mechanism of fiscal decentralization,local government competition on regional technological innovation efficiency,and tested the influence based on provincial panel data of China from 1997 to 2016 by using the panel quantile model.The study found that,the fiscal decentralization system was conducive to improving the efficiency of regional technological innovation,and its influence track was inverted as the“U-shaped”;On the contrary,local government competition significantly inhibited the efficiency of regional technological innovation,and its influence track was also inverted as the“U-shaped”;Local government competition weakened the fiscal decentralization positive marginal contribution to the technological innovation efficiency.As a result,their synergistic effect was not conducive to the efficiency of regional technological innovation.In addition,the above effects showed regional heterogeneity,mainly reflected in the role of strength.Therefore,to enhance the level of regional technological innovation,we not only need to deepen and improve the fiscal decentralization system,but also need to regulate the local government s behavior by various institutional norms and incentive mechanisms.