美国农业科技政策变迁及对中国的启示

The Gradual Change of U. S. Agricultural Science and Technology Policy and Its Enlightenment on China

本文以总结和归纳美国农业科技政策变迁为中心,从各个阶段的政策着力点和重大改革入手,对美国农业科技政策进行了系统梳理,着重分析政策变迁及相应的机构、体制和经费改革的变迁特征和发展特征,对我国的相关激发创新政策和促进乡村振兴措施开展反思。本文的目标是甄别出历次技术政策改革中的关键政策及其作用机制,剖析美国政策制定依据、机制和相关机构的运行方式,分析科技政策重点的关注和决策体系特征。

This paper is centered on the summary of U.S.agricultural science and technology policy changes.It starts from each stage of policy focus and major reform and carding on the agricultural science and technology policy system.It focuses on the change and development characteristics of policy change and corresponding institutional and financial reform.Then on the basis of these,the paper carries out reflection on innovation policies and rural revitalization measures of China.The aim of this paper is to identify the key policies and their mechanism.It also analyzes the basis of policy-making,mechanism and the operation mode of relevant institutions to summarize the focus of each stage and characteristics of scientific policy decision-making system.