城市创意人才居住选址偏好研究——基于天津市微观调查与大数据的实证分析

A Study of the Residential Location Preference of Urban Creative Talents:An Empirical Analysis Based on Microscopic Survey and Big Data from Tianjin

创意人才集聚有利于技术创新,助力经济高质量发展。本文将《2018年天津市交通与住房调查问卷》与城市经济地理大数据相结合,利用Hedonic模型探讨城市创意人才居住选址偏好并进行群体异质性分析。研究发现,从总体看,创意人才在居住选址时偏好接近城市中心及工作地,拥有便捷的交通设施、完善的基础教育设施、优质的医疗设施、良好的文化设施及生态环境等条件的居所,高等院校数量、社区诊所数量以及到购物中心的距离对其居住选址不存在显著影响。从分样本看,较为年轻的创意人才更加偏好接近城市中心与就业地、便捷的公共交通及良好的文化氛围;尚未拥有城市户籍的创意人才在居住选址时对城市服务设施及生态环境的偏好较弱。基于此,文章从优化社区服务设施、加强人文环境建设、合理制定中心城区更新策略等方面给出吸引创意人才集聚、增强城市创新活力的具体对策。

The gathering of creative talents is conducive to technological innovation and can boost the high-quality development of the economy.The paper combines The Traffic and Housing Questionnaire in Tianjin 2018 and the big geographic data of the urban economy to discuss the residential location preference of the urban creative talents and analyzes its group heterogeneity with the hedonic model.The study shows,in general,the creative talents prefer to those places close to the downtown or their workplace,and the places that are well equipped with traffic facilities,basic education facilities,excellent medical facilities,good cultural facilities and ecological environment when selecting the residential location.While,the amount of the colleges and universities,the quantity of the community clinics and the distance to the shopping center exert no significant influence on their choice.According to some partial samples,relatively younger creative talents prefer to the places close to the downtown and workplace,and the places with good public transportation and cultural atmosphere;the creative talents that have no citizenship in Tianjin yet pay less attention to the urban service facilities or ecological environment.Therefore,the paper proposes to improve the community service facilities,strengthen the construction of cultural environment,and develop the renewal strategy for the central urban area to attract the creative talents so as to increase the vitality of the urban innovation.