见义勇为与无因管理之界分及其司法适用考察

The Demarcation of Justice and Non-cause Management and its Judicial Application

见义勇为不属于特殊的无因管理,通过分析见义勇为与无因管理的构成要件,见义勇为在发生情境、法律关系主体、指向的受益人以及法律效果均存在特殊之处。在司法实践中,各个法院对见义勇为和无因管理之间的关系看法不一,因而对颇具人身危险性的危难救助行为的性质认定也存有差异。然而对一具有危险性的危难救助行为是否被认定为是见义勇为则决定了相关法律条文的适用,也同样关系着见义勇为人能否获得更多的补偿和享有其他相关权益。从保护见义勇为人利益、弘扬社会正能量的角度,实务中应当将符合见义勇为构成要件的救助行为予以司法上的肯定。

The rescue in emergency is not a special negotiorum gestio.By analyzing the component of the rescue in emergency and negotiorum gestio,it has its own particularities in the occurrence situation,the subject of legal relationship,the beneficiaries and the legal effect.In judicial practice,different courts have different opinions on the relationship between rescue in emergency and negotiorum gestio,so there are differences in the nature of dangerous rescue actions with personal danger.However,whether a dangerous act of rescue in distress is deemed to be a act of courage determines the application of relevant legal provisions,as well as whether a person with courage can get more compensation and enjoy other related rights and interests.From the perspective of protecting the interests of the people who are brave and carrying forward the positive energy of the society,we should give judicial affirmation to the salvation acts that conform to the constitutional requirements of brave and just.