福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁症现状及影响因素调查研究

Survey on the depression of the elderly with chronic diseases and its influencing factors in the communities of Fuzhou

目的了解福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁现状及其影响因素,为预防和干预老年慢性病患者抑郁提供参考。方法 2014年10月至2015年1月,在福州市鼓楼区和台江区,采用整群抽样方法抽取10个社区的老年(≥65岁)慢性病患者5 296例,对其进行面访式问卷调查。结果福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁症状检出率44.37%(2 350/5 296)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,同时患多种慢性病是福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁发生的危险因素,收入水平<2 000元/月、运动少、独居、家庭照顾差、家庭支持缺乏、家庭开支不足是福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁发生的风险因素,年龄≥75岁抑郁发生高于65~岁,女性抑郁发生率高于男性。结论福州市社区老年慢性病患者抑郁水平较高,社区医务人员应针对老年慢性病患者抑郁的影响因素进行干预,降低抑郁发生率,提高老年慢性病患者的生活质量。

Objective To understand the current status of depression of the elderly with chronic diseases in the communities of Fuzhou and to discuss it’s influencing factors. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to randomly select a total of 5 296 residents aged 65 and older with chronic diseases from 10 communities in Gulou and Taijiang districts of Fuzhou. Results The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 44.37% among the elderly with chronic diseases in urban communities of Fuzhou.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that urban seniors with multiple chronic diseases were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Monthly income of less than 2 000 yuan, lack of physical exercise, living alone, poor family care, lacking of family support and insufficient family expenditure were risk factors of depressive symptoms.The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher among the elderly aged 75 years and older than those of 65~ years old, and was higher among female seniors than male ones. Conclusions The prevalence of depressive symptoms is relatively high among the elderly in urban communities of Fuzhou, therefore a proper intervention should be provided by community medical staff to reduce the incidence of depression and to improve the quality of life of the elderly with chronic diseases.