挤扩支盘桩承载特性及其应用发展

Bearing Performance and Application Prospect of Pile with Expanded Branches and Plates

挤扩支盘桩是带有多分支和(或)承力盘结构的承载桩,是一种发挥土的承压承载特性,利用土的压硬承载特征,通过挤扩工艺和设备,获取土的承载性能以及检验支盘承载力的新结构桩型。支结构、盘结构分别发挥不同土层的优良特性而表现为支盘桩承载能力高、变形小;挤扩压硬提高土体承载性能,挤扩支腔盘腔自然稳定;高性能承载可大幅度缩短桩长、减小桩径,实现原材料以及造价节省。在全国各地各行业得到广泛应用的同时也逐渐获得了业界的一致认可。对挤扩支盘桩技术研究现状进行调研,总结分析利用支盘桩承载特性得到的支盘桩结构构造、设计方法、工艺及装备、检测评定等方面的研究成果,提出支盘桩群桩结构技术、抗沉降技术、抗拉锚固技术、长期承载性能、支盘体成品检测等方面需要进一步深入研究的核心技术,用以解决基桩泥皮沉渣、高铁沉降、海上风电、边坡锚固等承载问题。

Pile with expanded branches and plates is a kind of pile with branches and variable sections which is formed by adding branches and plates in order to take advantages of bearing characteristics of soil.It has higher bearing capacity and less deformation which means saving project cost by reducing length or radius of piles.It has been widely used in various projects and gradually recognized by industry.In this paper,the research status of pile with expanded branches and plates has been investigated,the research achievements and existing problems in the aspects of bearing performance,design methods,production technology,test and detection methods have been summed up.The critical problems that need further research such as anti-sinking technology,anti-pull anchoring technology,long-term bearing performance,and the testing of the support ingress have also been proposed in order to solve problems which contain mud sediment,high-speed rail subsidence,offshore wind power slope anchoring,etc.