17—18世纪英文文献中的中国建筑意象

Chinese Architectural Imagery in English Archive from the 17th to 18th Centuries

17-18世纪,伴随着蓬勃发展的全球贸易,欧洲掀起了一场波及诸多领域的"中国风"。在英国,从政治家、哲学家、文人等一代文化精英致力于翻译、编纂传入欧洲有关中国的文献,到全社会对自然风致园、"中国风"点景建筑的实践与讨论,再到18世纪末英国人出版直击中国的著作,存世的一系列英文文献、设计图纸中多有关涉中国古代建筑的信息。本文以时间脉络为轴,尽可能全面搜集17-18世纪在英传播的涉及中国古代建筑的文献史料,根据不同时间段因社会背景有异、对中国建筑认知的深度不同,初步作一分类。希望可以为今后明晰中国建筑意象在英国的内容变迁与英国本土政治、经济、文化等各方面互动联系的深入研究提供史料基础。

From the 17 th to the 18 th centuries, along with the booming global trade, Europe had set off the "Chinoiserie" that affected many fi elds. In the British, a generation of cultural elites, including politicians, philosophers, and literati, is committed to translating and codifying the literature on China. And the whole society also practiced and discussed the natural garden and the " Chinoiserie " building. At the end of the 18 th century, the British published works about their own witnesses of Chinese. So there is a lot of information about ancient Chinese architecture in a series of English archives. This paper takes the time context as the axis and collects the historical materials of ancient Chinese architecture from the 17 th to 18 th centuries as far as possible. According to different social backgrounds and different depths of Chinese architectural cognition, we make a preliminary classifi cation. Hoping it can provide a historical basis for the in-depth study of the interactive relationship between the content of the Chinese architectural imagery in the British and the British political, economic, and cultural aspects.