现代有轨电车轨道扣件罩设计方案优化

Design Optimization of the Bearing Capacity for Tram Fastener Cover

扣件罩是现代有轨电车钢轨扣件的保护部件。在许多既有线路中,由于扣件罩承压能力不足而导致其变形过大,甚至破损开裂、引发病害。对比分析了既有现代有轨电车线路扣件罩的三种优化方案(即降低扣件罩高度,采用环氧树脂替代沥青,采用刚性扣件罩),若扣件满足要求,可降低扣件罩高度,若不满足,可采用刚性扣件罩。对扣件罩内填充承压材料这种新方案进行了仿真分析,得出了扣件罩变形量随荷载、填充材料弹性模量以及孔隙率的变化规律,对于普通尼龙材质扣件罩,建议填充材料弹性模量取40 MPa左右,其孔隙率不宜大于15%。

Track fastener cover is a protective component in modern tram system.On many operating lines,due to the insufficient bearing capacity of fastener cover,the excessive deformation often causes damage,cracking and diseases.In this paper,3 improvement schemes of track fastener cover are compared and analyzed,including the reduction of the fastener cover height,the adoption of epoxy resin to replace asphalt and the adoption of rigid fastener cover,the third scheme could replace the first one when requirements are not met.Then,the scheme of filling pressure-bearing materials into fastener cover is simulated,and the variation law of the fastener cover deformation with load,filler elastic modulus and porosity changes is obtained.It is recommended that the elastic mold of filling material should take 40 MPa,and the porosity be controlled within 15%for the ordinary nylon material fastener cover.