氧化生物降解地膜对新疆机采棉主要性状的影响

Study on the Influence of Applying the Biodegradable Plastic Film on the Main Characters of Mechanical Harvesting Cotton in Xinjiang

降解膜是解决棉田残膜污染的有效途径之一。在新疆植棉区膜下滴灌机采棉种植模式下,采用生物降解地膜与通用的聚乙烯吹塑地膜比较试验,分析两种地膜对机采棉农艺性状、产量性状的差异。结果表明:降解膜较通用地膜的现蕾期、开花期、吐絮期等生长发育时期均晚3~6天,籽棉产量减产14.9%,皮棉产量减产13.3%,品质性状无显著差异;对棉花的株高、始节高、果枝数、果节数、单株铃数等性状的影响两种地膜间有显著差异;生物降解地膜降解效果明显,但成本增加明显。生物双降解地膜想要在棉花生产上推广应用,还有待进一步改进。

Biodegradable plastic film is one of effective ways to solve the problem of plastic-film pollutin of cotton field in Xinjiang.Under the cotton cultivation mode of drip irrigation under mulch in Xinjiang cotton planting area,the difference of Agronomic and yield characteristics between biodegradable plastic film and general polyethylene blown plastic film was analyzed.The results showed that the growth and development stages of degradable film were 3 to 6 days later than those of common film,and the yield of seed cotton and lint decreased by 14.9%and 13.3%,respectively.There was no significant difference in quality traits.The effects of biodegradable film on cotton plant height,initial node height,number of fruit branches,number of fruit nodes and number of bolls per plant were significantly different.The biodegradable film had obvious degradation effect,but the cost increased significantly.In order to promote the application of biodegradable plastic film in cotton production,further improvement is needed.