卵巢癌靶向抑制剂的研究进展

Advances in the targeted inhibitors of ovarian cancer

卵巢癌因诊断困难、预后差,死亡率居妇科肿瘤第一位。卵巢癌的治疗通常以外科手术联合铂类药物和紫杉醇为化疗基础,患者对该类联合治疗反应良好,但易复发和化疗耐药性问题显著。近年来,卵巢癌靶向治疗受到瞩目,逐渐成为一种可靠的治疗手段。随着卵巢癌发病和耐药机制研究的深入,越来越多的治疗靶点不断被发现,并开发出相应的抑制剂。目前卵巢癌的靶向治疗聚焦于血管表皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)抑制剂和聚腺苷酸二磷酸核糖基聚合酶(poly ADP-ribose polymerase,PARP)抑制剂,但收效有限,多数药物仍处于试验阶段。作用于PI3K/Akt/m TOR通路的卵巢癌抑制剂正在被开发,表观遗传学作为靶向治疗的全新角度也在研究中,免疫检查点抑制剂也是新的治疗方案。卵巢癌治疗靶点的研究,或许能阐明卵巢癌的发生和耐药机制,为靶向联合用药提供理论指导。

Ovarian cancer is difficult to diagnose and predict consequences,its mortality rate is the highest in gynecologic tumors.Ovarian cancer is usually treated by surgery combined with platinum or paclitaxel.The patient responded well to such treatment,but ovarian cancer is easy to return and develop a resistance.This has become a serious issue.In recent years,targeted therapy for ovarian cancer has attracted much attention and has gradually become a reliable treatment method.With the study of the pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanism of ovarian cancer,more and more therapeutic targets have been found and corresponding inhibitors have been developed.Currently,targeted therapy for ovarian cancer focuses on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and PARP inhibitors.But the effect is not good.Most drugs are still in the experimental stage.Inhibitors of ovarian cancer acting on PI3 K/Akt/m TOR pathway are being developed,epigenetics as a new perspective of targeted therapy is also being studied,and immunological checkpoint inhibitors are another new treatment.The study of therapeutic targets of ovarian cancer may clarify the mechanism of ovarian cancer occurrence and drug resistance,and provide theoretical guidance for targeted combination therapy.