商业标识的反不正当竞争法规整——兼评《反不正当竞争法》第6条

Regulation on Commercial Signs via Anti-Unfair Competition Law——Review of Article 6 of the Anti-Unfair Com-petition ActHuaqiao University

商业标识的保护一直存在《反不正当竞争法》(下称《反法》)和《商标法》并行适用的情形,新施行的《反法》第6条虽然删除了注册商标的表述,但"其他混淆行为"的规定与《商标法》第58条的衔接并没有明确,注册商标与其他商业标识交织混淆情形下的规范适用并不清晰。追溯商业标识保护史可见,商业标识保护模式具有多样性,既有单一适用《商标法》或《反法》者,也有综合适用两法者。之所以采用不同的模式,所依据的法理在于:权利的定性、统一注册、对抗力强弱;所依据的外在技术在于:商标概念的广狭、反法的规整方式、商标使用的判定。我国的《反法》第6条意图消除与《商标法》的重叠保护,囊括溢出《商标法》之外的商业标识,但"其他混淆行为"兜底的宽泛规定可能使上述立法意图落空,因此应将其解释为两种情形:"将商标作为非商标性商业标识使用的行为"和"使用他人商标之外的识别标志引起误认的行为"。

Commercial identification has been protected by both Anti-unfair Competition Law and Trademark Law in parallel. The article 6 of China’s new-implemented Anti-unfair Competition Law delete the contents of the registered trademark, but the connection between the provisions of "other confusing acts" and Article 58 of the Trademark Law is not clear. It’s not clear to choose which article when registered trademark and other commercial signs get into confusion. As can be seen from the history of commercial identification protection, the selection of commercial identification protection is diverse, which is not only applicable to the Trademark Law or Anti-unfair Competition Law, but also the comprehensive two. The underlying mechanism of the law to adopt different models lies in: the difference of rights, the adoption of unified registration, and the judgment on the strength of resistance;The external technology is the size of the concept of trademark, the method of anti-law, and the judgment of trademark use. In view of this theory, we can think that article 6 of China’s Anti-unfair Competition Law intense to eliminate the overlap with the registered trademark from Trademark Law protection and supplements protection of commercial identification that is not applied to Trademark Law. But "other confusing acts" may make the intention lost. So "other confusing acts" should be interpreted as two kinds of situations: Using trademarks as non-trademark commercial logo besides the use of others’ identification marks which causes misrepresentations.