慢性阻塞性肺疾病气道黏液高分泌研究进展

Research progress on airway mucus hypersecretion of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

气道黏液高分泌是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)主要的病理生理特征之一。COPD黏液高分泌主要涉及气道黏液分泌增加和清除减少两方面。一方面,杯状细胞分化增加、炎性调节因子刺激、氧化应激反应激活气道上皮细胞表皮生长因子受体、胆碱能系统毒蕈碱胆碱(M)受体亚型比例异常等可引起黏液分泌增加;另一方面,囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节蛋白、上皮细胞钠通道和水通道蛋白5等离子通道功能失调致使黏液水化不足、纤毛摆动异常,并最终导致黏液清除障碍。该文从上述两方面对COPD气道黏液高分泌进展作一综述。

Airway mucus hypersecretion is one of the main pathophysiological features of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Excess mucus secretion of COPD mainly involves the increased secretion and reduced clearance of airway mucus.On one hand,mucus secretion increases due to increased goblet cell differentiation,inflammatory regulatory factor stimulation,oxidative stress response activates EGFR,abnormal proportion of cholinergic system muscarinic choline(M)receptor subtypes.On the other hand,the dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator,epithelial sodium channel and aquaporin 5 ion channels leads to insufficient mucus hydration,abnormal cilia beat,and eventually clearance disorder of mucus.The reviews are to introduce the progress of airway mucus hypersecretion of COPD from the above two aspects.