基于汉外对比的对外汉语动结式教学

Verb-resultative Complement Constructions Teaching of Chinese as a Foreign Language on the Basis of the Contrast Between Chinese and Foreign Languages

汉藏语系以外的很多语言中没有补语,因而补语被认为是汉语语法特点的体现。而实际上,汉语中补语的概念并不具有很强的跨语言意义,通行的英译"complement"与汉语补语的内涵和外延都不相同。论文就以动结式为代表的动补结构在英语等语言中对应的表达方式进行了考察,归纳出"以词对应结构"和"以结构对应结构"两种替代方式,分析了母语中不同替代模式对学习者汉语动结式输出正、负两方面的影响,并在此基础上提出了相应的教学策略。

There are no "buyu" in many languages other than the Sino-Tibetan language family, so "buyu" is considered to be the embodiment of the grammatical characteristics of Chinese. In fact, the concept of "buyu" in Chinese can barely be cross-linguistic. "Buyu" in Chinese has different connotation and extension than "Complement", its commonly used English translation. This paper investigates the corresponding expressions of verb-resultative complement constructions in English and other languages, and sums up two alternative forms of "word corresponding to structure" and "structure corresponding to structure". Besides, it analyses the positive and negative effects of different alternative modes in mother tongue on learners’ Chinese output, and puts forward corresponding teaching strategies on this basis.