福克纳与莫言生态伦理思想内涵研究

A Study of the Connotation of Faulkner and Mo Yan’s Ecological Ethics

福克纳与莫言通过对生态环境问题的描述和关注,揭示了人与自然、人与社会、人与自我的内在联系和发展规律,展现了自然生态、社会生态和精神生态等伦理思想内涵,并借助万物有灵、敬畏自然、万物平等形式,反映了人与自然和谐发展的具体要求和伦理准则,集中体现了对人性的思考。两位作家的生态伦理思想既是人类的生存准则,确立了人类生存和发展的前提与要求;同时又作为人类的道德准则,要求人类敬畏自然、尊重生命、确保自然权利,最终实现人和自然的和谐发展。

William Faulkner and Mo Yan, through the descriptions of and concerns for ecological environment issues, not only reveal the internal relation between man and nature, man and society, and man and oneself and its law of development, but also show the connotation of ecological ethics of natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology. With the assistance of animism, reverence for nature, and equality of everything, they both represent the specific requirements and codes of ethics of the harmonious development of man and nature and concentratingly reflect their contemplation of human nature. The ecological ethics of the two writers are the criteria of human existence, setting up the precondition and requirement of human existence and development. At the same time, they, as the moral code of human beings, require the people to revere nature, respect life and ensure natural rights so as to finally realize the harmonious development of man and nature.