基于调频连续波合成孔径雷达的设计与实现

Design and implementation of frequency modulated continuous wave synthetic aperture radar

为了解决复杂环境下的地形探测和物体识别检测问题,提出了一种搭载在小型无人机的低成本合成孔径雷达成像系统。首先介绍了系统的设计框架以及成像原理,随后设计了模拟前端和数字信号处理模块。模拟前端重点讨论了微波源、混频器和滤波器等模块儿电路的设计,最终实现连续调频波的发射和接收功能;数字信号处理部分采用FPGA-DSP为架构,可实现复杂的数据采集、滤波、处理和合成。成像算法采用当前主流的距离-多普勒算法,成像效果满足系统要求。在实验室环境下进行模拟测试,识别成功率最高可达92.5%。本系统工作状态稳定、可实现实时处理,已满足设计生产生活的需求,设计以小型无人机为载体,可移植性强、应用领域广泛。

In order to solve the problem of terrain detection and object recognition detection in complex environments, a low-cost synthetic aperture radar imaging system equipped with a small UAV is proposed. Firstly, the design framework of the system and the imaging principle are introduced. Then the analog front end and digital signal processing module are designed. The analog front end focuses on the design of the module circuit such as microwave source, mixer and filter, and finally realizes the function of transmitting and receiving continuous frequency modulated wave. The digital signal processing part adopts FPGA-DSP as the architecture, which can realize complex data acquisition. Filtering, processing and synthesis. The imaging algorithm adopts the current Distance-Doppler algorithm, and the imaging effect satisfies the system requirements. The simulation test is carried out in a laboratory environment, and the recognition success rate is up to 92.5%. The system has stable working state and real-time processing, and has met the needs of design, production and life. The design is based on small unmanned aerial vehicles, which has strong portability and wide application fields.