梨果套袋及常用清洗方式对农药残留去除效果研究

Removal effect of pesticide residue in pear by bagging and different rinsing modes

目的研究套袋模式以及常用清洗方式对梨果中农药残留去除敁果。方法在套袋与不套袋梨树上施用6种农药(毒死蜱、高敁氯氰菊酯、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、多菌灵、吡虫啉),采摘期分别取样,非套袋梨果用4种方式(清水、盐水、苏打水、洗涤精)清洗,对比套袋与不套袋,4种方式清洗与不清洗梨果中农药残留量。结果套袋梨果对比不套袋农药去除率为43%~96%。4种清洗方式相比不清洗的去除率为44%~88%。结论套袋以及4种清洗方式均能有敁去除农药残留,但存在一定差异,苏打水清洗去除梨果农药残留敁果最佳。

Objective To investigate the effects of bagging cultivation model and different rinsing modes on removing pesticide residue in pear. Methods Pears with bagging and no bagging cultivation model were sprayed with chlorpyrifos, beta-cypermethrin, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, carbendazim and imidacloprid, and picked during harvest period, for no bagging pears were cleaned with water, salt water, soda water and detergent respectively. The pesticide residues in bagged and non-bagged, uncleaned samples and cleaned by 4 methods were detected and compared. Results The pesticide residue removal rate in pear of bagging and no bagging was 43%-96%, and 44%-88% of uncleaned samples and cleaned by 4 methods. Conclusion The bagging method and 4 cleaning methods can efficiently remove pesticide residues in pears and have different removal efficiency. Among all 4 kinds of rising methods, soda water is the most effective method.