支出型贫困残疾人家庭社会救助机制研究

Research on the Social Assistance Mechanism of Expenditure-based Poor Disabled Families

残疾人作为社会弱势群体,理应受到政府与社会的关心与帮助。然而,当前政府仅对家庭人均收入低于最低生活保障线下的残疾人群体进行救助,而对因特殊原因导致收不抵支的残疾人群体基本没有给予任何救助和帮扶,致使相当部分因特殊刚性支出导致贫困的残疾人群体处于基本生活无制度保护的状态。应改变当前对贫困的识别与测量只关注收入的做法,将其扩大到消费和支出领域,将收入与支出作为导致残疾人贫困的双重重要因素加以统筹考量。通过建立支出型贫困残疾人家庭社会救助机制,将一些被排除在现行社会救助制度之外但实际生活水平却处于绝对贫困状态的残疾人家庭纳入救助范围,帮助其走出生存困境,提高贫困残疾人家庭社会救助的可及性与精准性。

As a socially disadvantaged group,disabled people should be cared and helped by the government and society.However,currently,the government only provides assistance to disabled persons whose per capita income is lower than the minimum living guarantee line,while the disabled group whose income is insufficient for special reasons are basically not given any aid or assistance.As a result,a considerable part of the poor disabled group lives without institutional protection due to the special rigid expenditure.It is necessary to change the current way of identifying and measuring poverty,which focuses only on income,and expand it to the areas of consumption and expenditure.Income and expenditure should be considered as a dual important factor leading to the poverty of the disabled.By setting up a social assistance mechanism for families of disabled persons living in poverty,we should include some families with disabilities who are excluded from the current social assistance system but whose actual living standards are in absolute poverty in the scope of assistance,so as to help them get out of the plight of survival and improve the availability and accuracy of social assistance for families with poor disabled persons.