美国教师评价改革：学生学习目标法的运用及警示

Teacher Evaluation Reform in America:Application and Warning of Student Learning Objectives

近些年来,学生学习目标法在美国教师评价系统中广为应用,并且愈加受到人们的关注。学生学习目标法的原理在于,在特定任务或课程中,通过设定具体的、可以衡量的目标,跟踪学生实现该目标的进度情况来衡量教师对学生的影响,进而根据学生的成长情况评价教师的教学成效。学生学习目标法之所以受到重视,反映出近些年来美国教师评价改革中突出学生成长,将学生成绩纳入教师评价系统中这一典型趋势。学生学习目标法运用于教师评价中有着一些突出的优点,但是也面临着一些问题与挑战。

In recent years,the Student Learning Objectives process has been widely used in the teacher evaluation system in America,and has attracted more and more attention. The Student Learning Objectives process is through setting specific and measurable goals in specific tasks or courses,tracking the progress of students’ achievement of this goal to measure the impact of teachers on students,and then evaluate the teaching effectiveness of teachers according to the growth of students. The reason why the Student Learning Objectives process is attached the importance reflects the typical trend of highlighting student growth and incorporating student achievement into teacher evaluation system in recent years in the reform of teacher evaluation in the United States. The application of the Student Learning Objectives process to teacher evaluation has some outstanding advantages,but it also faces some problems and challenges.