不同品种奶水牛全泌乳期产奶量及乳成分的分析

Study on milk yield and milk composition of different buffalo breeds during the whole lactation period

为了解在相同的饲料、气候及饲养管理条件下,不同品种奶水牛全泌乳期产奶量及乳成分含量,记录摩拉、尼里-拉菲、3品种高代杂交以及摩拉×本地低代杂交4个品种奶水牛全泌乳期的每日产奶量,定期采集生水牛乳并测定其总乳固形物、蛋白、脂肪、非脂乳固形物及乳糖含量。结果表明:尼里-拉菲的泌乳高峰期时间最长,每日产奶量及乳成分产量的绝对值最高,其次是3品种高代杂交水牛、摩拉水牛和摩拉×本地低代杂交水牛;各品种水牛常乳期85 d内,乳总乳固形物、蛋白质、脂肪含量较稳定;在85~105 d以后含量逐渐增加,非脂乳固形物含量在整个常乳期均较为稳定,乳糖含量则出现先增加后降低的趋势;常乳期每日产奶量与乳蛋白质、脂肪、总乳固形物、非脂乳固形物含量存在显著的负相关(P<0.01)。

The study was to investigate the milk yield and milk composition of four buffalo breeds including Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×Chinese local(Mu-Ni-Ch) and Murrah×Chinese local(Mu-Ch) buffalo. All the breeds of buffalo were raised in the same dairy farm under the same feed, climate and management condition. The data of milk yield was recorded daily till the end of lactation period. Milk samples were collected periodically during the whole lactation to detect the content of milk composition including total solids, protein, fat, solids non-fat and lactose. The results showed that, duration time of peak lactation period, average daily milk yield and milk composition content of Nili-Ravi was the highest, followed by Mu-Ni-Ch, Murrah and Mu-Ch. The content of total solids, protein and fat was stable in the 85 days of normal milk period, and gradually increased after 85~105 days. The content of solids non-fat was stable during the whole normal milk period, while lactose was increased first and then decreased. There was a significant negative correlation between milk yield and protein, fat, total milk solids and solids non-fat content in the normal lactation period(P<0.01).