促甲状腺素抑制治疗甲状腺癌患者的营养知信行调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Thyroid Cancer Patients with Thyrotropin(TSH) Inhibitory Therapy

目的对分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)患者采用促甲状腺素(TSH)抑制治疗期间的营养知信行进行调查,为对患者进行针对性的营养教育及进一步的营养干预研究提供参考。方法采用自行编制的甲状腺癌患者营养相关KAP问卷对入组患者进行相关营养知识、态度、行为的调查。结果采用TSH抑制治疗的DTC患者整体营养知识缺乏、营养态度较积极、营养行为较差;低危组患者营养知识评分(9.1±2.4)、优秀率(12.0%)、合格率(50.0%)均明显高于中、高危组(P<0.05);低危组患者营养态度较中、高危组更积极(P<0.05);低危组患者营养行为稍好于中、高危组。营养知识评分的影响因素包括性别、家庭所在地、文化程度和职业,其中男性评分高于女性,家庭所在地评分由高到低依次为:城市>县城>乡镇>农村,文化程度越高者评分越高(P<0.05)。结论采用TSH抑制治疗的DTC患者整体营养知识缺乏,营养行为较差,但态度较积极。在对DTC患者进行营养教育时应考虑不同年龄、文化程度、职业等的差异,采取切实可行的个体化营养教育方案,以提高患者的营养知识水平,促进其营养行为的改变。

Objective To make nutritional knowledge survey on patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas(DTC)during thyrotropin(TSH)inhibition therapy,so as to provide references for targeted nutrition education and further nutritional intervention studies.Methods A nutrition-related knowledge attitude practice(KAP)questionnaire was developed to conduct a survey of relevant nutritional knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors for all selected thyroid cancer patients.Results The overall population of DTC patients with TSH inhibition treatment lacked nutritional knowledge,and they had positive nutritional attitude but poor nutritional behavior.For nutritional knowledge,the average scores(9.1±2.4),excellent rate(12.0%)and pass rate(50.0%)of the low-risk group were all higher than those of the middle-risk group and high-risk group(P<0.05).For nutritional attitude,the low-risk group was more active than the middle-and high-risk groups(P<0.05).The low-risk group also had better nutritional behavior than the middle-and high-risk groups(P<0.05).The influencing factors of nutrition knowledge scores included gender,family location,education level and occupation.The males had higher scores than females;The urban patients also had higher scores than those in counties,towns,and villages;Patients had higher education levels,their scores were higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The DTC patients with TSH inhibition treatment lacked nutritional knowledge overall and had poor nutritional behavior,but their attitude was positive.Nutrition education should take into consideration the differences in age,education level,occupation,etc.,and adopt a practical and personalized nutrition education program to improve the nutritional knowledge of the population and promote the change of nutritional behavior.