基于模糊综合评价法的老年长期照护保险制度实施效果分析

Analysis of the Implementation Effect of Long-Term Care Insurance Policy for the Elderly Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

老年长期照护保险面临现金给付长期性和服务供给长期性双维度考验,建立老年长期照护保险制度的艰巨性不言而喻。中国的试点实践是建立统一制度的前期准备,亟须对试点的成果进行总结,以期把各地试点成功的经验借鉴于未来全国的老年长期照护制度中。选取全国试点地区之一的长春市失能人员医疗照护保险制度的实践数据,采用模糊综合评价法探索该制度在长春市老年人长期照护方面取得的效果,对其存在的保险覆盖范围窄、资金来源单一,定点机构入院难、照护服务质量差、护理人力资源匮乏等问题进行深入分析,提出精确认定保障对象、建立多渠道筹资模式、规范待遇支付形式和范围,培育长期护理市场和人才的建议,旨在为我国和地方政府建立老年长期照护保险制度提供借鉴。

The long-term care insurance for the elderly is facing the two-dimensional test of the long-term nature of cash payment and the long-term supply of services. Establishing a long-term care insurance system seems to be rather difficult. As a preparation for the establishment of a unified system, the summarized successful experience during pilot projects is more necessary to be considered for the future long-term care system for the elderly in China. Based on the practical data of the medical care insurance system for disabled people in Changchun, one of the pilot areas in China, this paper employs the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation to explore the effect of the system in long-term care of the elderly. In-depth analysis of the problems of narrow in-surance coverage, single source of funds, difficulty in admission of fixed-point institutions, poor quality of service and lack of human resources for nursing. Suggestions for acurately identifing the target of protection, multi-channel financing mode, standardizing payment form and scope, and cultivating the long-term care market and talents. The aim is to provide a reference for the establishment of long-term care insurance system for the elderly in China and local governments.