球形水果塑料发泡网套包装机设计与试验

Design and test of foam net packing machine for spherical fruit

塑料发泡网套能有效降低运输过程中水果发生机械损伤的概率。为了解决球形水果塑料发泡网套自动包装的问题,在分析苹果和脐橙等主要球形水果生物力学特性的基础上,提出一种柔性扩膜锥体扩膜、倒刺卡筒下膜的球形水果网套包装工艺方案,并确定了机器关键部件结构参数,设计了部件组合运行控制时序,加工了试验样机。30个苹果样本包装试验,包装成功率100%,损伤率0,平均单果包装时间25 s,工作效率35 kg/h,下膜长度主要分布在104~110 mm范围内,约占样本总数的76.6%。试验结果表明,样机机构设计合理性,结构紧凑,球形水果果面包覆完整,可实现连续包装功能,但是机器作业效率低于人工效率,需要优化包装流程,采用多组同时包装的方式提高效率。研究结果可为后续球形水果网套包装设备的研制和优化提供参考。

Foam packing net can effectively reduce the probability of mechanical damage for spherical fruits during transportation,but there is few automatic foam packing net for fruit on the market at present.In order to solve this problem,in this study,a package technology with flexible expanding cone and inverted pricking chuck was proposed based on the analysis of the biomechanical properties of apple and navel orange.The key parts structure parameters of the machine were determined.The time sequence control of component movement was designed.Then,the test prototype was processed.The packaging experiments of 30 apple samples showed that the successful rate of packaging was 100%,the damage rate was 0,the average packaging time of single apple was 25 seconds,the working efficiency was 35 kg/h,and the length of the foaming nets were mainly distributed in the range of 104-110 mm which was 76.6%of the total samples.The experimental results showed that the design of the prototype mechanism was reasonable,the structure was compact,the spherical fruits were completely packed,and the continuous packaging function can be realized.However,the efficiency of the machine was lower than the manual efficiency.It was necessary to optimize the packaging process and use multiple groups of machine for improving the efficiency.The designed machine can provide reference for the development and optimization of the following spherical fruit net packing equipment.