Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞与特发性肺纤维化的关系研究进展

Progress in the relationship between type II alveolar epithelial cells and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

特发性肺纤维化(IPF)是一种严重影响肺通气与换气功能的下呼吸道慢性疾病,其发病机理目前尚不明确,表现为异常的间质炎症和纤维化,以及肺泡结构的破坏。而Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞(ATⅡ)作为维持肺结构和功能的关键细胞,在肺部纤维化的发生和发展中极其重要。在IPF中,各种原因所致的ATⅡ的受损和衰老凋亡,可能是纤维化发生的是始动因素。而在这之后,关于临时基质的形成、成纤维细胞的聚集、激活以及间质-上皮转化的过程,异常的ATⅡ也参与其中,并发挥着重要的作用。

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic disease of the lower respiratory tract that seriously affects lung ventilation and ventilation.The pathogenesis is still unclear.It is characterized by abnormal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis,and destruction of alveolar structure.TypeⅡalveolar epithelial cells,as key cells of maintaining lung structure and function,are extremely important in the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis.In pulmonary fibrosis,damage to typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells and senescence apoptosis caused by various causes may be the initiation factors of pulmonary fibrosis.After that,abnormal typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells are also involved and in the formation of temporary matrix,fibroblast aggregation,activation and interstitial-epithelial transformation,play an important role.