莴苣有机肥氮当量施肥效果研究

Study on the Effect of Nitrogen Equivalent Fertilization of Organic Fertilizer on Lettuce

为探讨莴苣最佳氮施用量,进行了有机氮肥与无机氮肥组配试验。结果表明:高有机氮与低无机氮的组合处理提高了土壤有机质含量和土壤总孔隙度,有利于提高莴苣营养品质,低有机氮与高无机氮的组合处理有利于促进莴苣植株生长、增加植株经济性状和产量。其中,有机氮和无机氮各5 kg/667m2的处理,兼具前两者的有利作用,该处理与CK(不施氮肥)比较,土壤有机质含量提高1.2 g/kg,总孔隙度增加0.3个百分点,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别提高4.7、2.1和3 mg/kg,莴苣产量增加1473 kg/667m^2,增幅240.7%(P<0.01),纯收入增加5803.76元/667m2,增幅243.3%(P<0.01),增产增收效益极显著,因此,建议施氮量为有机氮5 kg/667m2+无机氮5 kg/667m^2。

In order to explore the optimum nitrogen application amount of lettuce,the combination experiment of organic nitrogen fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer was carried out.The results showed that the combination of high organic nitrogen and low inorganic nitrogen was beneficial to improve soil organic matter content,soil total porosity and nutritional quality of lettuce,and the combination of low organic nitrogen and high inorganic nitrogen was beneficial to promote lettuce plant growth and increase plant economic characters and yield.Among them,organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen treatment of 75 kg/hm2 each have the advantages of the former two.Compared with CK(no nitrogen fertilizer),the content of soil organic matter increased by 1.2 g/kg,the total porosity increased by 0.3%,the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 4.7,2.1 and 3 mg/kg,respectively.The output increased by 22095 kg/hm^2,an increase of 240.7%(P<0.01),the net income increased by 87056.4 yuan/hm^2,an increase of 243.3%(P<0.01),and the benefit of increasing production and income was very significant.Therefore,it is recommended to apply 75 kg/hm^2 of organic nitrogen and 75 kg/hm^2 of inorganic nitrogen.