老年精神病患者医院感染原因分析及预见性干预方案

Analysis of Nosocomial Infections in Elderly Psychiatric Patients and Predictive Intervention Program

目的探讨老年精神病患者伴发医院感染的原因,并分析相应的预见性护理干预方案,以降低医院感染的发生率,改善患者预后。方法选取2016年1月至2018年12月徐州市东方人民医院收治的152例老年精神病的临床资料做回顾性分析,查阅病案资料分析引发感染的具体原因,统计患者疾病类型、住院时间及感染类型。结果152例患者中,112例(73.68%)伴发医院感染,112例感染者中疾病类型为脑部器质性精神障碍导致的感染率最高(66.07%),其次为精神分裂症(16.96%);住院时间在1年以上的患者伴发感染率最高(44.64%),其次为一年以内(28.57%);感染部位上以呼吸系统感染最多(69.64%),其次为消化系统感染(10.71%)。结论老年精神病患者中,患脑部器质性精神障碍、反复住院及呼吸系统功能低下为引发医院感染的主要原因,对此应给与患者实施功能训练、卫生宣教、基础护理等预见性干预,以降低医院感染的发生及改善患者预后。

Objective To explore the causes of nosocomial infection in elderly psychiatric patients,and to analyze the corresponding predictive nursing intervention programs,so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and improve the prognosis of patients.Methods The clinical data of 152 cases of geriatric psychosis admitted to Dongfang People's Hospital of Xuzhou City from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The specific causes of infection were analyzed by consulting the medical records,and the disease types,hospitalization time and infection types were counted.Results Among the 152 patients,112(73.68%)had nosocomial infection.Among the 112 patients,the infection rate caused by brain organic mental disorder was the highest(66.07%),followed by schizophrenia(16.96%);the infection rate of patients hospitalized for more than one year was the highest(44.64%),followed by respiratory infection within one year(28.57%);and the infection site was the highest.Most of them(69.64%)followed by digestive tract infection(10.71%).Conclusion The main causes of nosocomial infection in elderly psychiatric patients are brain organic mental disorders,repeated hospitalization and low respiratory function.Predictive interventions such as functional training,health education and basic nursing should be given to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection and improve the prognosis of patients.