一部以优秀剧目为线索的百年美国戏剧史——美国三大戏剧奖获奖剧目分析

A Centennial History of American Drama Based on Best Plays——on the Best Plays of Three American Drama Awards

美国普利策戏剧奖、纽约剧评人奖和托尼奖是一部以优秀剧目为线索的、浓缩的百年美国戏剧史。它反映了美国百年社会变迁和现代化进程,折射出美国戏剧思潮和舞台艺术的流行与嬗变,以及对美国本土戏剧和舞台音乐剧的关注与扶持。近年来的获奖剧作传递了当代美国戏剧的发展状况和审美走向,以及三大戏剧奖在现实中的突围与妥协等信息。对它们进行分析,不仅有助于我们总体上把握美国戏剧发展的总貌和艺术成就,对促进我国戏剧理论的研究和戏剧创作的繁荣,以及改进我国现行的戏剧评奖机制,也不无裨益。

The lists of American best plays awarded by the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, New York Drama Critics’ Circle Awards and Tony Awards could be considered as a condensed history of American drama. They reflect the changes and developments of American society and drama. They also show their support to the modernization of American drama and theatre as well. In recent years, the plays awarded by the three prizes indicate the aesthetic appreciation, ecology of theatre, breakout and compromise in the new era. By analyzing the awarded plays, I hope it will be helpful for us to have a better understanding of the development of American drama, and will also help us to approve the academic research on American theatre, and China’s current award system as well.