长春市某区风疹疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Rubella in A District of Changchun City

目的 探讨长春市某区风疹疫情流行病学的情况,并为风疹防控工作提供科学依据。方法 收集长春市某区疾控中心风疹疫情病例的个人调查表和实验室检测资料,对风疹发病情况进行统计,并利用描述性流行病学方法对其进行分析。结果 长春市某区风疹患者数为129例,男71例(55.04%),女58例(44.96%),男女比例为1.22:1。其中10~14岁阶段的报告发病较高,计61例,占发病报告总人数的47.30%。自2016年4月2日至5月26日,持续时间为54 d,当地的医疗机构共接收确诊风疹的患者129例,来源广泛,其中农村地区68例,占报告中发患者数的52.71%,报告发病率为1.26‰;城区地区61例,占报告中发患者数的比为47.29%,报告发病率为0.98‰。在发病的129例患者中,接种过风疹疫苗者有12例,剩余患者均无风疹疫苗免疫历史。结论 虽然此次疫情得到控制,但是也需要重视风疹流行病的预防工作,加强人员的疫苗接种工作,提高人们的免疫水平,对风疹疫情的发作与控制有着重要作用。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological situation of rubella in a district of Changchun city,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of rubella.Methods The personal questionnaire and laboratory test data of rubella cases in a district of Changchun city were collected,and the incidence of rubella was statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results The number of patients in a district of Changchun was 129,including 71 males(55.04%)and 58 females(44.96%).Among them,61 cases,accounting for 47.30%of the total number of reported cases,were reported at the age of 10-14 years.From April 2,2016 to May 26,2016,the duration of rubella was 54 days.A total of 129 cases of rubella were admitted to local medical institutions,with a wide range of sources.Among them,rural areas accounted for 68 cases,accounting for 52.71%of reported cases,and the reported incidence was 1.26‰;61 cases were reported in urban areas,accounting for 47.29%of the reported patients,and the reported incidence was 0.98‰.Of the 129 patients who developed rubella,12 had received the rubella vaccine,and none of the remaining patients had a history of rubella vaccination.Conclusion Although the epidemic situation was under control,it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of rubella epidemic,strengthen the vaccination of personnel and improve people's immune level,which plays a particularly important role in the outbreak and control of rubella epidemic.