不同南瓜砧木嫁接对黄瓜植株生长、产量和果实品质的影响

Effects of different pumpkin rootstocks on the plant growth, yield and fruit taste of grafted cucumber

南瓜是黄瓜嫁接常用的砧木,但是不同的南瓜砧木品种对黄瓜植株生长、产量和果实品质的影响差异很大。为了筛选出适合的砧木品种进行黄瓜嫁接栽培,以4个中国南瓜(‘T2‘’T3‘’T12‘’T13’)和‘黑籽南瓜’为砧木,以‘津绿21-10’黄瓜为接穗,比较不同的南瓜砧木嫁接后对黄瓜的影响。结果表明,与自嫁黄瓜(对照)相比,砧木‘T2’嫁接后的植株生长势最强,产量最高,此外,砧木‘T2’嫁接的黄瓜果实瓜把短、果面蜡粉含量低,色泽鲜亮,商品性最好;砧木‘T3’也具有减少瓜把长度和果面蜡粉量的作用,但植株长势和产量较砧木‘T2’嫁接黄瓜弱;砧木‘T12’也具有一定的增产作用,但是果实瓜把变长,果面蜡粉含量高,商品性较差;砧木‘T13’在5个砧木品种之间的整体综合表现最差‘;黑籽南瓜’嫁接后也促进植株的生长,但是产量上较砧木‘T2’嫁接组合低,果面蜡粉含量高,色泽灰暗,商品性差。不同的接穗/砧木组合对黄瓜果实口感的影响不同,总体来看,南瓜砧木会降低嫁接黄瓜果实口感。综合评价以砧木‘T2’嫁接表现最优,适合于作为黄瓜嫁接优良砧木。

In order to select suitable pumpkin rootstock for cucumber,the effects of different rootstock on the plant growth,yield and fruit taste of grafted cucumber were investigated by using different pumpkin rootstocks(’T2’’T3’’T12’’T13’and’Figleaf Gourd’)and’Jing lv 21-10’as cucumber scion.The results showed that compared with self-grafted cucumber control,the strongest plant growth and fruit yield was obtained from T2 as rootstock.In addition,The cucumber grafted on to rootstock’T2’showed a short fruit stalk,low content of bloom,bright color on the surface of the fruit,and the best commodification.The cucumber grafted onto rootstock’T3’also reduced the length of the fruit stalk and the amounts of the bloom on the fruit surface,but the plant growth and yield were weaker than those of’T2’.Rootstock’T12’could also increase yield,but the fruit stalk was longer,and the bloom content on the surface of the fruit was high,thus its commodification(commodity)was poor.Rootstock’T13’had the worst overall comprehensive performance among the 5 rootstock varieties.’Figleaf Gourd’rootstock also promoted the growth of the plant,but the yield was lower than that of’T2’,and the content of the bloom on the surface of the fruit was high,also the fruit color was dark,and its commodity was poor.Different scion/rootstock combinations had different effects on the taste of cucumber fruits.In general,pumpkin rootstock will reduce the taste of grafted cucumber fruits.Rootstock’T2’is the best rootstock among 5 rootstocks for cucumber grafting.