不同补水量对‘宁薯16号’水分利用和产量的影响

Effect of different water supplementation on water utilization and yield of ‘Ningshu No.16’

为了探索膜下滴灌条件下马铃薯‘宁薯16号’合理补水量,设置6个不同水平的补水量,研究了膜下滴灌条件下不同补水量对‘宁薯16号’水分利用及产量的影响。结果表明‘,宁薯16号’在生育期内土壤含水量随着土层深度的增加而基本呈现增加趋势,但在蕾期的20~40 cm土层和花期的40~60 cm土层土壤含水量显著低于其他土层,除花期外各生育期补水量的不同对0~60 cm土层土壤含水量影响差异显著,对60~100 cm影响较小;随着补水量的增加水分利用效率呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,当补水量为2250 m^3·hm^-2时达到最大值,而且显著高于其他补水处理,S3750显著低于对照S0;随着补水量的增加,单株块茎质量、单薯质量、产量、增产率和商品薯率均呈现先增加后减少的变化趋势。综合考虑产量与生产效益,认为膜下滴灌条件下‘宁薯16号’最佳补水量为2250 m^3·hm^-2。

In this experiment,six different levels of water supplementation were set to study the effects of different water supplementation on the water utilization and yield of a potato variety’Ningshu No.16’under film drip irrigation.The results showed that the soil moisture content of Ningshu No.16 basically increased with the increase of soil depth during the growth period.However,soil moisture contents in soil layer 20-40 cm in bud stage and 40-60 cm in flower stage were significantly lower than those in other soil layers.The soil moisture content in 0-60 cm soil layer was significantly affected by water supplementation,while the 60-100 cm soil layer was less affected.With the increase of water supplementation,the water use efficiency increased firstly and then decreased,it reached the maximum value when the amount of replenishment was 2250 m^3·hm^-2,which was significant higher than other rehydration treatments,S3750 was significantly lower than that of the control group.With the increase of water supplementation,tuber weight per plant,single potato weight,yield,yield increase rate and commercial potato rate were all increased firstly and then decreased.Considering yield and production efficiency,2250 m^3·hm^-2 was the best water supplementation for Ningshu No.16 under drip irrigation under plastic film cultivation.