吉林西部土地利用转型机制研究

Study on transformation mechanism of land use in western Jilin

吉林西部是国家重要的商品粮生产基地,保证耕地数量及质量是保障粮食生产安全的重要基础。而在新型城镇化背景下,吉林西部对建设用地的需求大幅增加。为同时保证粮食生产安全和城镇化建设,合理利用土地资源,有必要研究其土地利用转型机制。笔者借助ArcGIS平台、SPSS软件和Fragstats软件,采用逻辑回归、线性回归等数理统计方法研究1995—2015年间吉林西部土地利用转型机制,研究表明:1995—2000年、2005—2015年以退耕还草(20.1%和7.4%)、还林(4.25%和9.25%)为主,景观破碎化加剧,交通条件为主要影响因素;2000—2005年以开垦草地(20.32%)、林地(7.29%)为耕地以及开发未利用地为主,景观破碎化程度减弱,土地利用变化与农民人均纯收入和交通条件密切相关,1995—2015年间的耕地转建设用地均与城镇化水平和交通条件显著相关。

The western Jilin is an important commodity grain production base of the country.Ensuring the quantity and quality of cultivated land is an important basis for the safety of food production.With the development of new urbanization,the demand for construction land in western Jilin has increased substantially.In order to ensure the food production safety and urbanization construction,it is particularly necessary to study the land use transformation mechanism for the rational use of land resources.With the help of ArcGIS platform,SPSS software and Fragstats software,the authors studied the land use transformation mechanism in western Jilin from 1995 to 2015 using mathematical statistics methods such as logistic regression and linear regression.The results show that:from 1995 to 2000 and 2005 to 2015,the conversions were mainly from farmland to grassland(20.1%and 7.4%)and forest(4.25%and 9.25%),landscape fragmentation was aggravated,traffic condition was the main driving mechanism;from 2000 to 2005,the conversion was mainly on the cultivation of grassland(20.32%)and forest land(7.29%),and development of unused land,landscape fragmentation was weakened.The change of land usage was closely related to farmers per capita income and traffic conditions.The conversion of cultivated land to construction land from 1995 to 2015 was significantly related to the urbanization level and traffic conditions.