水力压裂微地震事件定位方法综述

Review of hydro-fracturing microseismic event location methods

随着国内外页岩气勘探开发的不断深入,水力压裂微地震监测技术重要性越来越大,而该技术的核心是微地震事件定位.近些年前人对微地震事件的定位方法做了比较深入的研究,形成了众多定位方法.为此,依据目标函数构造及其求解方式对微地震事件定位方法进行了分类,主要介绍了两大类具有代表性的微地震事件定位方法:(1)基于走时的射线追踪定位方法;(2)基于波形的偏移定位方法.然后对其算法思路流程、优缺点等方面进行了归纳总结,分析了各类算法的研究现状及两种典型算法的应用实例,最后对微地震事件定位方法的发展趋势进行了展望.

With the deepening of the shale gas exploration and development at home and abroad, the technique of hydro-fracturing microseismic monitoring is playing a more important role currently. Moreover, microseismic event location is the core of hydro-fracturing microseismic monitoring. With the in-depth research in recent years, a lot of methods for microseismic event location have been developed. Therefore, according to objective function construction and its solving way, these methods can be classified into two main typical types, including ray tracing-based location method based on travel time and migration-based location based on waveform. Then the algorithm flow, advantage and disadvantage of two kinds of methods were systematically summarized and research development status for these methods was analyzed. Afterwards, we discussed the application examples of two representative methods, respectively. Finally, the development trend of microseismic event location method was also discussed.