从第15届健美操世锦赛看难度动作的发展趋势

The Trend of Difficult Movements in the 15th World Aerobics Championships

采用文献资料法、录像分析法和数理统计法等研究方法,通过对2018年第15届世界健美操锦标赛各项决赛前8名成套动作中的难度动作选用情况进行统计分析,找出新规则实施后世界竞技健美操难度动作的发展趋势,为我国竞技健美操运动员的训练提供参考依据,为提高我国竞技健美操整体水平提供借鉴。结果显示:第15届世界健美操锦标赛各项决赛前8名成套动作中难度动作选择的排序均为C组>A组>D组>B组,与往届世锦赛难度相比,对D组和B组的选用有所减少,而A组明显增加,C组保持不变;难度动作使用频率为A组选择趋向于支撑腾起组的反切类、B组为支撑组的直角支撑、C组为劈腿跳组的剪式变身跳类、D组为依柳辛类;难度动作在整套中的位置分布单人操中A组难度出现较多的在第6和第8个难度、B组在第4个难度、C组在第2和第3个难度;D组在第1和第10个难度;混双、3人和5人操项目成套中A组出现最多的在第3和第7个难度;B组在第8个难度;C组在第7和第8难度;D组在第8和第9个难度。

The methods of literature,video analysis and mathematical statistics were used to analyze the difficulty action selection in the first eight sets of the finals of the 15th World Aerobics Championships in 2018 for the development trend of the difficult movements of the world competitive aerobics after the implementation of the new rules.This will provide a reference for the training of athletes of competitive aerobics and improving competitive aerobics in China.The results show that the rankings of the difficulty movements in the top eight sets of the 15th World Aerobics Championships are Group C>Group A>Group D>Group B.Compared with the difficulty adopted in the previous World Championships,the selection of difficulty actions from group D and group B decreases,while the selection of difficulty actions from group A increases significantly and that of group C remains unchanged;In terms of the frequency of difficulty action selected among four groups,Reverse Cut of Explosive Support is tended to use in Group A,L-support of Support in Group B,Scissors Leap of Split Jump in Group C and Illusion in Group D.In terms of the positioning of the difficulty action in the whole set of single-person competition,the 6th and 8th difficult action from Group A are adopted,the 4th difficult action from Group B,the 2nd and 3rd difficult action from Group C and the 1st and 10th difficult action from Group D.In the mixed double,triple and five-person competitions,the 3rd and the 7th difficult action from Group A are adopted,the 8th difficult action from Group B,the 7th and 8th difficult action from Group C and the 8th and 9th difficult action from Group D.