唇腭裂患儿父母疾病知识-态度-行为的调查研究

Knowledge-attitude-practice of parents of children with cleft lip and palate

目的了解唇腭裂患儿父母对唇腭裂相关知识、态度和行为现状,为后续健康教育的制定提供参考依据.方法2016年8月—2017年2月选取在上海市某三甲综合性医院就诊的唇腭裂患儿的父母为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、一般自我效能感量表、唇腭裂患儿父母知识-态度-行为问卷进行调查,对唇腭裂疾病知识、态度、行为的现状及影响因素进行分析.本研究总共发放问卷142份,回收有效问卷116份,有效回收率为81.7%.结果116名唇腭裂患儿的父母对疾病相关知识、态度和行为得分分别为(30.84±7.22)分、(34.35±5.96)和(29.42±5.74)分,其中知识和态度得分处于中等水平,有57.8%的患儿父母行为得分处于较低水平.单因素分析显示,患儿性别、母亲文化程度、母亲吸烟、家庭月收入对患儿父母疾病相关知识有影响;母亲年龄、母亲饮酒对患儿父母疾病态度有影响;母亲年龄、母亲吸烟对患儿父母疾病行为有影响(P<0.05).患儿父母对疾病的相关行为得分与自我效能总分呈正相关(r=0.211,P<0.05).结论唇腭裂患儿父母对唇腭裂疾病知识缺乏、态度积极但是行动不佳.通过有效的个性化的唇腭裂健康知识宣教,有望改变其对疾病的认识和行为,进一步促进患儿的健康.

Objective To investigate the relevant knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of the parents of children with cleft lip and palate,so as to provide reference for the further development of health education.Methods From August 2016 to February 2017,parents of children with cleft lip and palate admitted in a Class Ⅲ Grade A general hospital in Shanghai were selected in the study.General Information Questionnaire,General Self-efficaov Scale(GSES),Parents,Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire were used in the survey and the status of their KAP on the disease as well as the influencing factors were analyzed.A total of 142 questionnaires were distributed with 116 valid ones collected,yielding an effective recovery rale of 81.7%.Results 116 parents of children with cleft lip and palate scored(30.84±7.22),(34.35±5.96)and(29.42±5.74)respectively on disease-related KAP.Among them,"knowledge and attitude"scored a medium level,and 57.8% of the children's parents scored a low level on"practice".Univariate analysis showed that children's gender,mother's educational level,mother's smoking and family monthly income were the influencing factors of parents' knowledge about disease;mothers age and drinking were the influencing factors of parentsf attitude;monthers age and smoking were the iniluenring factors of parents'practice(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the scores of disease-related practice of parents and self-efficacy(r=0.211,P<0.05).Conclusions Parents of children with cleft lip and palate lack knowledge of cleft lip and palate disease,and have positive attitude hut poor action.Through effective and individualized health education of cleft lip and palate,it is hopeful to change their understanding and practice about the disease and further promote the health of children with cleft lip and palate.