团体心理治疗在中青年维持性血液透析患者中的应用

Application of group psychotherapy in young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

目的调查团体心理治疗对中青年维持性血液透析患者创伤后成长和焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响,为提高患者创伤后成长水平,降低负性情绪提供参考依据.方法采用便利抽样法,选择2018年4—12月在哈尔滨市某三甲医院血液透析中心行规律血液透析的78例终末期肾病患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(38例)和试验组(40例).对照组患者接受常规护理和随访,试验组进行2个月的团体心理干预.干预前后采用中文版创伤后成长量表、SAS、SDS测量两组患者的创伤后成长水平以及焦虑、抑郁情绪,并采用t检验对患者干预前后的得分进行比较.结果最终试验组36例,对照组37例患者完成研究,团体心理干预后,试验组患者的创伤后成长得分为(85.89±11.02)分,高于对照组的(73.55±9.14)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).试验组干预后的焦虑量表得分为(47.23±5.18)分,抑郁量表得分为(40.38±8.34)分,低于对照组的(55.38±6.28)分、(44.16±7.09)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论团体心理干预能够改善中青年维持性血液透析患者创伤后成长,降低患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,值得在临床推广应用.

Objective To explore the effects of group psychotherapy on posttraumatic growth(PTG),anxiety and depression of young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and to provide a reference for improving patients'PTG and reducing their negative emotion.Methods Totally 78 patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Center of a Class III Grade A hospital in Harbin between April and December 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and randomized divided into control(n=38)and experimental(n=40)groups.Patients in the control group received conventional nursing care and follow-up visits,while patients in the experimental group underwent group psychotherapy for 2 months.Chinese Posttraumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI),Self-Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Depression Scale(SDS)were used to assess PTG,anxiety and depression of the two groups before and after intervention.A t test was conducted to compare the scores before and after intervention.Results At last,a total of 36 patients in the experimental group and 37 patients in the control group completed the study.After group psychotherapy,the PTGI score of the experimental group was(85.89±11.02),higher than(73.55±9.14)of the control group,and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The SAS and SDS scores of the experimental group were(47.23±5.18)and(40.38±8.34),lower than(55.38±6.28)and(44.16±7.09)of the control group,and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Group psychotherapy can improve the PTG of young and middle-aged patients undergoing MHD,and reduce their anxiety and depression,which is worthy promoting in clinical practice.