官话的儿化韵母的基础音系和儿化词的构词法

The Basic Sound System of the Mandarin’s Erhuayun and Formation Methods of Erhuaci（儿化词）

何美龄记载的标准官话中儿化词和词组,有一套与官话韵母对应的儿化韵母。这套儿化韵母的语音层杂糅了南北官话的语音特点,属于[r](rh)型的儿化韵。这些儿化韵的读音反映了儿化韵形成的第一和第二个阶段,即由两个音节式发展至一个半音节式的构词方式。本文研究的儿化词已经扩展出儿化词组的构词形式,这种儿化词组尤其对名词性词语的性质、功能,操作的方法和工具有进一步的补充说明。儿化词和词组来源于官话的口语和书面语词汇,也有的源自民间的俗语。儿化构词不只发生在体词性和非体词性的词语形成名词性的儿化词或词组,还可形成具有谓词性、形容词性和副词性语法意义的儿化词或词组。

The erhua(儿化)vocabularies and phrases in the standard Mandarin noted by Hemeling contained a set of the erhua finals(儿化韵) which correlated with the finals of the Mandarin. The sound strata of this set of erhua finals(儿化韵) combined the sound characteristics of the Southern and Northern Mandarins, which it belonged to the type of [r](rh) erhua final(儿化韵). The sound of these erhua finals(儿化韵) reflected the first and second stage of the formation of erhua finals(儿化韵), which the formative methods were expanded from two syllables into one and half syllables. The erhua(儿化)vocabularies in this study already expanded to the formation of erhua(儿化) phrases, these erhua(儿化) phrases especially further explained features, functions, methods of operation and types of instrument of the meaning of noun phrases. The erhua(儿化) vocabularies and phrases are originated from the colloquial and written vocabularies in the Mandarin, some vocabularies are originated from the public common saying. The erhua(儿化) formation was not only happened to the formation of erhua(儿化) noun vocabularies or phrases, it also used to form the erhua(儿化) verb, adjective and adverb vocabularies or phrases.